Answers to Who Said That?

1. C: Abraham Lincoln. President Lincoln's apology to Lt. Col. Charles Scott, who had requested the night before presidential permission to bring his wife's body home from the South. Lincoln had responded that night with a sharp rebuke, "Sorrow is the lot of all; bear your share like a man and a soldier." But the following morning as the president made arrangements for a leave of absence for Lt. Col. Scott, this apology was offered. To read more of President Lincoln's moods of "anger and cruelty" see The Inner World of Abraham Lincoln, Michael Burlingame, University of Illinois Press, 1994.

2. D: Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln, upon being rejected by Mary Owens as a suitor during the 1830's, made this remark to his friend, Mrs. Orville Browning. To read more of President Lincoln's low self-esteem in matters of women, read Burlingame's book, listed above.

3. C: Walt Whitman. This is a prelude to a verse of the famous poem by Whitman, "O Captain! My Captain!" written after the assassination of President Lincoln. Walt Whitman's prose is also significant reading of a wartime hospital volunteer. Memoranda During the War was originally published in 1875 and is widely available in reprinted form.

4. A: Abraham Lincoln. President Lincoln made this remark to a group of Missourians in 1863, suggesting that he knew he would not be supported by the populace in all decisions. The intent was to indicate that he was more interested in being right than popular. In 1864 he remarked to one of his secretaries that, "I must keep some consciousness of being somewhere near right: I must keep some standard of principle fixed within myself." To learn more of President Lincoln's "midlife crisis" and transformation during the presidency, read Burlingame's book, listed above.

5. B: Sergeant George F. Cram. In a letter home to his mother (1863), Cram occasionally offered philosophical remarks reflecting a young man coming-of-age during the war. To learn more of this soldier, be sure to read Soldiering with Sherman: The Civil War Letters of George F. Cram.

6. B: Abraham Lincoln. President Lincoln was known to endure tremendous emotional pain as Union defeats mounted in the early months of the war and as close, personal friends were killed in the line of duty. This remark was made the day afer the first battle of Bull Run. For an in-depth look at the emotional burdens upon the president read Burlingame's book listed above.